PENGGUNAAN MEDIA POHON NORMA BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MEMBANTU PEMAHAMAN MATERI NORMA PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

Abstract

Although the teaching of norms in Civic Education has received increasing scholarly
attention, research addressing the integration of concrete visual media with Problem
Based Learning (PBL) to overcome students’ conceptual difficulties remains limited.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the “Norm Tree Media” combined
with PBL in enhancing elementary students’ understanding of various types of
norms. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach with a single-case study
design, this research involved one Grade 5 teacher selected through purposive
sampling. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, classroom
observations, and document analysis, and then analyzed using thematic analysis.
The findings reveal that the integration of concrete media and PBL encourages
students to actively analyze real-life situations, differentiate types of norms, and
connect abstract concepts with their daily experiences. Nevertheless, several
students continued to struggle in distinguishing norm categories with similar
contextual characteristics, requiring additional scaffolding from the teacher. This
study contributes to the theoretical development of constructivist learning and
broadens insights into contextual practices in Civic Education. The study concludes
that concrete media combined with problem-based learning activities plays a crucial
role in strengthening students’ conceptual understanding and recommends that
teachers adopt integrative and contextual learning strategies. The implications of
the research include contributions to Civic Education pedagogy and practical
recommendations for schools to optimize the use of concrete media and problem
solving–based learning. Future research is encouraged to examine the
effectiveness of similar media across diverse student groups and learning contexts.