RESILIENSI PADA ANAK BINAAN DENGAN KELUARGA BROKEN HOME DI LEMBAGA PEMBINAAN KHUSUS ANAK KELAS I KUTOARJO
Abstract
This study aims to describe the forms of resilience among juvenile inmates from broken home families at the Class I Special Child Development Institution (LPKA) in Kutoarjo, Indonesia. These children face layered adversity: family dysfunction before entering the institution and the pressure of adapting to institutional life. The study used a descriptive qualitative approach grounded in Grotberg's resilience theory, which identifies three sources of resilience: I Have, I Am, and I Can. Data were collected through non-participant observation, in-depth interviews with juvenile inmates and LPKA officers, and document study. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman with the assistance of NVivo. The findings show that resilience is formed through the interaction of the three dimensions. I Have consists of family support, family communication and presence, support from officers and supervisors, counselling and development programs, and peer support. I Am consists of self-acceptance, self-esteem, changes in self-concept, empathy, self-responsibility, self-control, optimism, and spirituality. I Can consists of problem management, emotion management, communication, help seeking, adaptation, and future planning. Broken home status therefore does not automatically remove a child's capacity to be resilient, as long as support, opportunities for self-development, and a supportive rehabilitation environment are available. The findings highlight the importance of maintaining family contact, strengthening officer-child relationships, and expanding access to continuous counselling.
References
Aazami, A., Valek, R., Ponce, A. N., & Zare, H. (2023). Risk and protective factors and interventions for reducing juvenile delinquency: A systematic review. Social Sciences, 12(9), 474. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12090474
Aditaracman, A., & Hamzah, I. (2023). Pengaruh dukungan keluarga terhadap resiliensi anak binaan di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas I Blitar. INNOVATIVE: Journal of Social Science Research, 3(5), 5748–5762.
Angreini, D., Tadjuddin, A., & Herman. (2024). Resilience of adolescents experienced with broken home. IJESS International Journal of Education and Social Science, 5(1), 166–174. https://doi.org/10.56371/ijess.v5i1.296
Ansah, K. O., Owusu, J. O., Nti, A., Bonsu, A. S., & Duah, C. A. (2026). Relationships between social support, resilience and psychological distress among young offenders in Ghana’s correctional facilities: A three-wave longitudinal mediation model. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 119, 103111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2026.103111
Asmita, M., & Hidayati, E. (2018). Resiliensi pada anak dari keluarga yang broken home. Proceeding National Conference Psikologi UMG, 1, 27–39.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.
D’Onofrio, B., & Emery, R. (2019). Parental divorce or separation and children’s mental health. World Psychiatry, 18(1), 100–101. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20590
Dumornay, N. M., Finegold, K. E., Chablani, A., Elkins, L., Krouch, S., Baldwin, M., Youn, S. J., Marques, L., Ressler, K. J., & Moreland-Capuia, A. (2022). Improved emotion regulation following a trauma-informed CBT-based intervention associates with reduced risk for recidivism in justice-involved emerging adults. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 951429. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.951429
Durán Palacio, N. M., Gómez Tabares, A. S., & Castrillón Ángel, E. F. (2026). Effects of empathy and regulatory emotional self-efficacy on difficulties and strengths in juvenile offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 70(5), 452–474. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X251326113
Goode, W. J. (1964). The family. Prentice-Hall.
Grotberg, E. H. (1995). A guide to promoting resilience in children: Strengthening the human spirit. Bernard van Leer Foundation.
Grotberg, E. H. (1997). The International Resilience Project. 54th Annual Convention, International Council of Psychologists, 1–15.
Hein, S., Weeland, J., Square, A., Haeffel, G. J., Chapman, J., Macomber, D., Lee, M., Foley Geib, C., & Grigorenko, E. L. (2020). Effectiveness of a social problem solving training in youth in detention or on probation: An RCT and pre-post community implementation. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 72, 101626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101626
Houchins, D. E., Jimenez, E., Langley, N., Plescow, K., & Henrich, C. C. (2021). Predictors of self-determination and mental health symptoms among youth in juvenile justice facilities. Behavioral Disorders, 46(3), 138–148. https://doi.org/10.1177/0198742920911182
Huang, Y., Wu, R., Wu, J., Yang, Q., Zheng, S., & Wu, K. (2020). Psychological resilience, self-acceptance, perceived social support and their associations with mental health of incarcerated offenders in China. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 52, 102166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102166
Hurlock, E. B. (1980). Psikologi perkembangan: Suatu pendekatan sepanjang rentang kehidupan. Erlangga.
KemenPPPA. (2024, 19 September). Kemen PPPA bersama LPKA perkuat perlindungan anak berhadapan dengan hukum. Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak.
Marek, K., Kappes, C., Hosser, D., & Greve, W. (2023). Accommodative self-regulation: The sample case of imprisonment in young adulthood. Journal of Personality, 91(3), 806–822. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12775
Moore, K., Ahern, E., O’Meara Daly, E., Houghton, S., McAuliffe, H., & Rogers, E. (2025). Youth justice services: Relationships, rehabilitation and the reality of the young people involved—A meta-synthesis of the qualitative literature. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 28(3), 631–649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-025-00534-6
Nugraha, D. A., & Rohayati, A. C. (2024). Pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap resiliensi narapidana remaja di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Kerobokan. J-CEKI: Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah, 4(1), 3170–3180.
Reid, S. E., & Listwan, S. J. (2018). Managing the threat of violence: Coping strategies among juvenile inmates. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 33(8), 1306–1326. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515615143
Rock, J., McKenna, N., Vervalin, H., Rodriguez, D., Commodore-Mensah, M., Munshi, A., Boucher, I., & Duron, J. F. (2025). Resilience factors in reentry from juvenile legal facility settings: A scoping review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 26(2), 283–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380241309384
Sopiah, N. N., Krisnatuti, D., & Simanjuntak, M. (2018). Kerentanan, strategi koping, dan penyesuaian anak di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA). Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen, 10(3), 192–203. https://doi.org/10.24156/jikk.2017.10.3.192
Sugiyono. (2023). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemasyarakatan.
Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.
Van Damme, L., Fortune, C.-A., Hoeve, M., Vanderplasschen, W., & Colins, O. F. (2022). The role of personal resilience and interpersonal support in building fulfilling and prosocial lives: Examining the Good Lives Model among young women four years after youth detention. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 66(1), 123–144. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X21994055
Wahid, S. H., Kususiyanah, A., Sirait, W. Y., & Umbar, K. (2023). Analisis data kualitatif menggunakan NVivo. Publica Indonesia Utama.
Zubaidahi, & Utomo, P. (2026). The dynamics of emotional behavior and character development in children from broken homes: A case study at a juvenile special development institution (LPKA). Indonesian Journal of Character Education Studies, 3(1), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.64420/ijces.v3i1.360
