DEEPFAKE BERBAHASA INDONESIA: KAJIAN LITERATUR TENTANG BAHASA SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN PERTAHANAN KOGNITIF DALAM BELA NEGARA DI ERA DISINFORMASI DIGITAL
Abstract
This study examines deepfake as an emerging artificial intelligence–based threat in the digital information ecosystem and its implications for cognitive defense within the framework of digital national defense. The rapid development of AI-generated content has increased the spread of disinformation, creating challenges for public trust and information verification. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of the Indonesian language as a cognitive instrument in strengthening digital literacy and critical thinking skills to counter deepfake-based manipulation. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method using a literature review approach. Data were collected from 25 national and international journal articles published between 2021 and 2026 and analyzed through thematic analysis focusing on deepfake, information disorder, digital literacy, algorithmic media, and cognitive resilience. The findings indicate that deepfake significantly accelerates disinformation dissemination, while low digital literacy increases public vulnerability. The Indonesian language plays a strategic role in shaping critical thinking and strengthening cognitive resilience in digital environments. Therefore, enhancing language and digital literacy is essential for building national defense in the digital era.
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