ANALISIS KOMPETENSI PEMBIMBING KEMASYARAKATAN DAN DUKUNGAN LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL INKLUSIF DALAM PROSES REINTEGRASI SOSIAL ANAK PELAKU DI BALAI PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS 1 SEMARANG

Abstract

This study examines the competence of correctional guidance officers and the support of an inclusive social environment in the social reintegration of children who have committed an offence at the Class I Probation and Correctional Center of Semarang. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed using a holistic single-case design. Primary data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with one correctional guidance officer, one child client, and one community representative, complemented by participatory observation and document review. The findings show that correctional guidance officer competence is multidimensional. It includes child-sensitive communication, social assessment, understanding of child development and trauma, individualized guidance, networking, coordination, and multidimensional evaluation. An inclusive social environment is reflected in emotional and practical family support, opportunities to participate in education, training, social activities, and employment, as well as the involvement of community groups concerned with correctional services. However, stigma, family conflict, limited community participation, and the workload ratio between officers and clients remain significant obstacles. Social reintegration is therefore not merely indicated by the absence of reoffending, but also by behavioral change, healthy family relations, access to productive activities, social acceptance, and realistic future planning. The study concludes that correctional guidance officers and the social environment function interdependently: officers open access and coordinate interventions, while families and communities provide the social space in which children can practice and sustain behavioral change.