ANALISIS KEUNGGULAN KOMPARATIF INDONESIA PADA PERDAGANGAN KOMODITAS PERTANIAN SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused changes in international trade that could affect the comparative advantage of Indonesian agricultural commodities. This study aims to analyze the comparative advantage of Indonesian agricultural commodities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare the changes in the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) values in both periods. This research uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive-comparative method. Secondary data were taken from UN Comtrade, FAO, and the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), focusing on palm oil, coffee, natural rubber, cocoa, and tea for the period 2018–2022. The analysis was conducted using the RCA method to measure comparative advantage based on Indonesia's export share of world exports. The results show that palm oil, natural rubber, and coffee still have a comparative advantage with RCA values above one, even though they experienced a decline during the pandemic. On the other hand, cocoa still doesn't have a comparative advantage, while tea lost its comparative advantage in 2021. This finding shows the need to improve productivity, product quality, and expand export markets to strengthen the competitiveness of Indonesian agricultural commodities in the international market.
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