PENDIDIKAN ISLAM TRADISIONAL DI ACEH : STUDI TERHADAP MEUNASA DAN RANGKANG
Abstract
Islamic education in Aceh has historically developed through community-based traditional institutions that are deeply rooted in local culture and religious values. Among these institutions, meunasa and rangkang play a strategic role in shaping religious understanding, moral character, and social cohesion within Acehnese society. This study aims to analyze the historical development, educational functions, and contemporary dynamics of meunasa and rangkang as traditional Islamic educational institutions in Aceh. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature study and historical analysis, drawing data from scholarly books, journal articles, and relevant historical documents. The findings reveal that meunasa functions as a basic Islamic educational institution and a center for socio-religious activities at the village level, while rangkang serves as an intermediate institution focused on deepening Islamic sciences and producing future religious scholars. In the context of modernization and globalization, both institutions have demonstrated adaptive capacity through educational revitalization without abandoning their core Islamic values.
References
Abdullah. (2018). Pemikiran M. Amin Abdullah tentang Pendidikan Islam dalam Pendekatan Integrasi-Interkoneksi. Jurnal Ilmiah AL-Jauhari (JIAJ), 3.
Ainur Rafiq, M., Aspiani, A., Iqbal, M., Agama Islam, P., & Palangka Raya, I. (2025). Dinamika Modernisasi Lembaga Pendidikan Islam di Tengah Perubahan Sosial dan Teknologi.
Azim, F., Chanifudin, C., & Ritonga, S. (2023). MODERNISASI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF AZYUMARDI AZRA DALAM BUKU PENDIDIKAN ISLAM TRADISI DAN MODERNISASI DI TENGAH TANTANGAN MILENIUM III. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dan Keislaman, 3(2), 255–260. https://doi.org/10.55883/jipkis.v3i2.77
Bakar, M. Y. A., Firmansyah, E., & Abdeljelil, M. B. (2024). Legal framework analysis of Islamic religious education policy implementation. International Journal of Law and Society, 3(3), 217-237.
Bakri, M. F. M., Ishak, M. F., & Baharom, A. S. (2021). Sejarah Perkembangan Institusi Pendidikan Islam di Aceh Dari Abad Ke-16 Sehingga Abad Ke-19 History of the Development of Islamic Educational Institutions In Aceh From 16th Century to the 19th Century. Al-Muqaddimah: Online Journal of Islamic History and Civilization, 9(2), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.22452/muqaddimah.vol9no2.4
Basri, B., Wahidah, W., & Mahyiddin, M. (2024). INOVASI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM ACEH DALAM MEMPERSIAPKAN GENERASI QUR’ANI DI ERA DIGITAL. AT-TA’DIB:
Creswell, & David. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches.
Faridi, F., & Firmansyah, E. (2024). Kelembagaan pendidikan Islam di Nusantara: Surau, meunasah, masjid, pesantren, madrasah. Iqra: Jurnal Ilmu Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 19(1), 93-97.
Firmansyah, E. (2023). Various Paradigms in Islamic Educational Thought: Fundamentalism, Modernism, and Liberalism. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 5(2), 139-145.
Firmansyah, E., & Humaidi, M. N. (2022). Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi dalam Menghadapi Turbulensi Pendidikan yang Berkemajuan. Research and Development Journal of Education, 8(2), 660-665.
Firmansyah, E., & Idris, A. (2024). Moderation as a Solution to Religious Harmony in Poso Central Sulawesi. International Journal of Law and Society, 3(1), 1-9.
Firmansyah, E., & Ikwan, A. (2026). Inclusive Education as a Catalyst for Social Transformation: A Systematic Literature Review. SUNDANO: International Journal of Education, Society and Cultural Transformation, 1(01).
Firmansyah, E., & Khozin, K. (2022). Teologi dan filsafat sebagai basis Pengembangan Kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam. Research and Development Journal of Education, 8(2), 546-550.
Firmansyah, E., & Romelah, R. (2022). Implementasi Pembelajaran Pai Dengan Metode Discovery Learning Dalam Upaya Melatih Kemandirian Siswa (Studi Kasus: Sd Alam Ar-Rohmah Kec. Dau, Kab. Malang). Research and Development Journal of Education, 8(1), 322-326.
Firmansyah, E., & Romelah, R. (2022). Tanggapan Guru Terhadap Perannya Dalam Melaksanakan Pembelajaran Di Sdit Al-Qolam Kecamatan Marawola Kabupaten Sigi. Research and Development Journal of Education, 8(1), 345-353.
Firmansyah, E., Anwar, S., & Khozin, K. (2023). Anthropological Approach to Islamic Education: Establishing Noble Spirituality in Overcoming Social Conflict. Al-Hayat: Journal of Islamic Education, 7(1), 163-172.
Firmansyah, E., Arifin, S., & Humaidi, M. N. (2023). Kebijakan Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah Umum Zaman Jepang. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(12), 10446-10453.
Firmansyah, E., Khozin, K., & Masdul, M. R. (2022). Implementasi Piaud Terhadap Anak–Anak Suku Kaili Pedalaman Di Desa Kalora Kabupaten Sigi. Research and Development Journal of Education, 8(1), 386-390.
Firmansyah, E., Sumantri, P. A. H., Mutmainna, N., & Azizah, N. (2025). Implementasi Ta'awun dan Ukhuwah Wathaniyah melalui Tradisi Gotong Royong di Desa Pombewe. Iqra: Jurnal Ilmu Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 20(1), 14-25.
Firmansyah, E., Tobroni, T., & Romelah, R. (2023). Anthropology of Islamic Education as A Socio-Cultural-Religious Modernization Strategy in Alam Al-Kudus Islamic Boarding School. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 12(03).
Firmansyah, E., Tobroni, T., & Rusady, A. T. (2023). Internalisasi Ajaran Islam Dalam Aktivitas Budaya Etnik Kaili Prespektif Antropologi Pendidikan Islam. Research and Development Journal of Education, 9(1), 285-299.
https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i4.2857
Ibrahim, M. (2020). Eksistensi Meunasah Sebagai Media Dakwah Di Kota Banda Aceh.
Imawan, D. H. (2022). The Contribution of Shaikh Abdurrauf As-Singkili to the Establishment Islamic Law in the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam in the 17th Century AD. Millah: Journal of Religious Studies, 21(3), 797–820. https://doi.org/10.20885/millah.vol21.iss3.art7
Jamil, A. I. B., & Firmansyah, E. (2025). Embracing diversity: Navigating religious identity in multicultural societies. Online Journal of Research in Islamic Studies, 12(1), 37-60.JURNAL AL-FIKRAH. https://doi.org/10.54621/jiat.v1i2.200
Khozin, K., & Firmansyah, E. (2024). Development of a holistic spiritual education model in higher college: A multidisciplinary perspective. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 6(3), 591-594.
Mahmazar, M., Mulyadi, & Miswari. (2023). Eksistensi, Regulasi, dan Fungsi Meunasah Sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam di Aceh. Lentera, 5(1), 21–36. https://doi.org/10.32505/lentera.v5i1.6081
Matthew B. Miles, A. Michael Huberman, & Johnny Saldaña. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook.
Munir. (2016). PENDIDIKAN RANGKANG SEBAGAI MEDIA PENDIDIKAN SYARI’AT ISLAM DI ACEH:TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGIS MASYARAKAT ACEH. AL-IJTIMA`I-International Journal of Government and Social Science.
Nurdin, A., Kasim, F. M., Rizwan, M., & Daud, M. (2021). The Implementation of Meunasah-Based Sharia in Aceh: A Social Capital and Islamic Law Perspective. Samarah, 5(2), 760–779. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v5i2.10710
Rahman, M. (2021). Traditional Islamic Education Institutions in Aceh.
Rizal, M., & Iqbal, M. (2012). INSTITUSI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI NUSANTARA PADA MASA AWAL (Kajian Terhadap Meunasah, Dayah dan Rangkang).
Sugiyono. (2013). METODE PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF KUALITATIF DAN R&D. W. Gulo. (1998). Metodologi penelitian.
Syah, E. F., Khozin, K., & Haris, A. (2023). Merenda The History of Sheik Sya'ban in The Framework of Banggai Ethnic Islamic Educational Anthropology 8th Century Ad. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 12(03).
Tobroni, T., Firmansyah, E., Masdul, M. R., & Anwar, S. (2024). Strengthening Islamic Education Values through Kaili Da'a Local Ethnic Cultural Symbol. Al-Hayat: Journal of Islamic Education, 8(1), 113-122.
Tobroni, T., Firmansyah, E., Rajindra, R., & Fadli, N. (2023). Spirituality as a paradigm of peace education. Multicultural Islamic Education Review, 23-32.
Wandrianto, Duski, & Firdaus. (2025). Pendidikan Islam di Kesultanan Aceh: Ulama, Meunasah, Rangkang, dan Dayah. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 9.
