STUDI TINJAUAN PUSTAKA HUBUNGAN FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN DENGAN PENGEMBANGAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN KREATIF PADA MAHASISWA
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the relationship between educational philosophy and the development of critical and creative thinking skills in students through a literature review. This study was conducted by examining various international and national literature discussing the role of educational philosophy in the learning process in higher education. The results of the study show that educational philosophy plays an important role in shaping students' thinking paradigms through reflective, dialogical, and humanistic approaches. Philosophical approaches such as constructivism, pragmatism, and existentialism have proven to be relevant in developing critical and creative thinking skills. In addition, problem-based learning strategies, philosophical discussions, and reflective learning are effective means of implementing the values of educational philosophy. In conclusion, educational philosophy not only serves as a theoretical foundation but also as a practical instrument in creating a learning environment that fosters students' critical and creative thinking skills.
References
Brookfield, S. D. (2017). Becoming a Critically Reflective Teacher (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and Education. Macmillan.
Facione, P. A. (2020). Critical Thinking: What It Is and Why It Counts. Insight Assessment
Freire, P. (2005). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Continuum.
Giroux, H. A. (2020). On Critical Pedagogy (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury Academic
Kleiman, P., & Wood, J. (2021). Reflective Pedagogy in Higher Education: Fostering Critical and Creative Learning. Teaching in Higher Education, 26(7), 1123–1139. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2020.1786063
Lin, L., Wu, T., & Zhang, H. (2022). Creative Education of Future Information: On the Importance of Philosophical Basic Literacy Education. Proceedings, 81(1), 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2022081128
Mao, J. (2022). A Reflection on Online Teaching and Learning Through the Pandemic: Revisiting Creativity. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99634-5_18
Pertiwi, A. D., Septian, R. N., Ashifa, R., & Prihantini, P. (2021). Peran Organisasi Kemahasiswaan dalam Membangun Karakter: Urgensi Organisasi Kemahasiswaan pada Generasi Digital. Aulad: Journal on Early Childhood, 4(3), 107-115. https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v4i3.202
Saavedra, A. R., & Opfer, V. D. (2021). Teaching and Learning 21st Century Skills: Lessons from the Learning Sciences. Educational Research Review, 34, 100418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2021.100418
Saroyan, A. (2022). Fostering Creativity and Critical Thinking in University Teaching and Learning. OECD Education Working Papers, No. 280. https://doi.org/10.1787/fd69f9c7-en
Setiamurti, N., & Kurniawati, E. (2024). Fostering Creativity in Higher Education Institution: A Systematic Review (2018–2022). Open Education Studies. https://doi.org/10.1515/edu-2022-0221
