TRANSFORMASI PEMBELAJARAN IPA MELALUI PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA

Abstract

This study was driven by the low level of students critical thinking skills in elementary science

learning, which is attributed to the continued use of conventional teaching methods that have

not effectively fostered students higher order thinking. The purpose of this research is to

analyze the effect of the problem based learning (PBL) model supported by augmented

reality media on improving students critical thinking skills. A quantitative method was applied

using a quasi-experimental design with two groups: an experimental class and a control

class. A critical yhinking skills test was used as the instrument, consisting of five indicators:

clarification, basis for decision-making or support, inference, further explanation, and strategy

and tactics. Descriptive analysis showed that the experimental class average pre-test score

was 35.14 (SD=11.491), indicating low initial understanding. After the intervantion, the post-

test average increased to 54.55 (SD=11.544), showing a significant improvement of 19.41

points. Normality and homogenity tests confirmed that the data met statistical assumption.

The paired sample T-test showed a significant difference between pre-test and posttest

scores ( p < .001) and the N-Gain score reached 0.521 (moderate category), with an

effectiveness rate of 52.1%. These results indicate that the problem based learning model

assisted by augmented reality significantly enhances students critical thinking skills.