BENCANA ALAM BANJIR

Abstract

Floods are a natural process that often occurs in Indonesia. Floods also occur from natural factors and human factors themselves. Floods due to natural factors include high and prolonged rainfall, where the volume of water that overflows exceeds the capacity of rivers and drainage channels. In addition, high sea levels, especially when coinciding with storms or large waves, can cause tidal flooding in coastal areas. Rapid snowmelt in mountainous areas can also significantly increase river discharge, while volcanic eruptions can trigger destructive cold lava floods. On the other hand, human factors, namely illegal logging, which reduces the soil's ability to absorb rainwater, are one of the main causes. Indiscriminate waste disposal, which clogs water channels and rivers, also contributes to flooding. Changes in land use, such as the development of settlements in water catchment areas, reduce nature's ability to control water flow. Finally, inappropriate infrastructure development, such as poor drainage systems or inadequate embankments, can increase vulnerability to flooding. Floods can also cause economic losses, have a negative impact on the environment and human activities, and cause loss of life. In addition, there are also factors for Drainage Problems, the lack of water catchment areas due to the increasing number of housing or tall buildings that can cause the water to not be absorbed by trees or soil.