Analisis Keterbacaan Buku Teks IPAS Fase B Kelas 4 dengan Menggunakan Grafik Fry
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the readability of the 4th-grade Science and Social Sciences (IPAS) textbook (Volume 2), published by Erlangga, which is widely used in elementary schools in Pangkalpinang City as a supplement to the government-issued primary textbook. Concerns have arisen regarding the linguistic complexity of this textbook and its suitability for 9–10-year-old students, which may lead to cognitive overload and hinder independent comprehension. This research represents the first systematic evaluation of the readability of science textbooks in Bangka Belitung Province.
A qualitative descriptive method was employed. Data were collected through a field survey of 20 elementary schools, with 12 text samples systematically selected from the beginning, middle, and end of the textbook. For each sample, the average number of sentences and syllables was calculated. The Fry Graph formula was then used to determine the textbook’s readability level in relation to the intended grade.
The analysis showed an average of 8.87 sentences and 264.6 syllables per sample (158.76 adjusted syllables with 0.6 factor). According to the Fry Graph, these values correspond to a readability level appropriate for grades 10–12. Thus, the 4th-grade Science and Social Sciences textbook published by Erlangga, Volume 2, is excessively difficult for its intended audience and not suitable for the cognitive development of 4th-grade students.
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