EFEKTIVITAS PENDAMPINGAN PEMBIMBING KEMASYARAKATAN TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PIDANA LATIHAN KERJA KLIEN ANAK (STUDI PADA BALAI PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS I SEMARANG)
Abstract
Job training sentences for children are intended to equip them with skills so that they can return to society, yet their implementation after sentencing has received little study. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of Community Corrections Officer (Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan, PK) assistance in the implementation of job training sentences for child clients, and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors at the Class I Semarang Correctional Center (Bapas). The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach framed by Campbell's (1977) program effectiveness theory, which has five dimensions. Data were obtained from interviews with nine purposively selected informants, namely the head of the child client guidance section, PKs, child clients, parents, and training providers, as well as from client registers, social inquiry reports, and parole decrees. The analysis follows the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model, and data validity was tested through source and technique triangulation. The findings show that PK assistance is procedurally effective but not yet substantively effective: children attend as required, whereas skill acquisition and long-term outcomes are not measured. Supporting factors include informal networks and family support, while inhibiting factors include operational budget, PK workload, the age limits of training institutions, and stigma. Gaps between norms and practice were also found, among them institutions that do not suit children's ages and cleaning activities recorded as training. The study proposes the SELARAS program, comprising an interest assessment, a partner map, minimum training standards, tiered assistance, and outcome measurement.
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