PENDEKATAN KONSTRUKTIVISME DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEKOLAH DASAR INKLUSIF: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW TENTANG KEAKTIFAN DAN KETERLIBATAN BELAJAR SISWA

Abstract

Inclusive education requires a learning approach that can accommodate the diversity of learners’ characteristics and needs while encouraging their active engagement in the learning process. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the constructivist approach in enhancing student learning activeness in inclusive elementary school settings. A qualitative approach with the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method was used. Data were obtained by searching scientific articles published between 2021-2026 on Google Scholar and Science Direct. Of the 21 articles found, 11 articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria for analysis. The findings show that the constructivist approach is effective in increasing student activeness, mental and physical engagement, motivation, social interaction, and the ability of students to construct knowledge independently. The implementation of active learning such as Project-Based Learning, Problem-Based Learning, concrete media, and peer support further supports inclusive, student-centered learning. Thus, the constructivist approach can serve as an effective strategy to increase learning activeness while supporting the creation of an inclusive learning environment in elementary schools.