ANALISIS KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI KOTA DUMAI
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between income inequality and the poverty rate in Dumai City over the 2013–2024 period and explores the educational implications of the findings. A descriptive quantitative approach was adopted using annual secondary data obtained from the Statistics of Dumai City. The study population and sample comprised all annual observations of the Gini Ratio and the percentage of the population living in poverty during the study period, yielding a total of 12 observations. The data were examined through descriptive statistical analysis and simple linear regression, with a t-test applied to assess the statistical significance of the effect. The descriptive analysis indicates that the Gini Ratio varied between 0.254 and 0.361, with an average value of 0.313. Meanwhile, the poverty rate ranged from 3.14% to 5.26%, with a mean of 3.98%. The estimated regression model was Y = 9.510 – 17.656X + e. The regression coefficient for income inequality was negative, with a t-statistic of -3.846 and a significance level of 0.003, indicating a statistically significant negative relationship between income inequality and the poverty rate. In other words, during the observed period, higher Gini Ratio values were associated with lower poverty rates in Dumai City. However, this finding should be understood in the context of the study period and should not be interpreted as evidence that income inequality generally reduces poverty. The findings may also serve as a consideration for promoting more equitable access to education, strengthening educational support, improving educational facilities, and enhancing the quality of educational services for economically disadvantaged communities.
Keywords: Income Inequality; Gini Ratio; Poverty Rate; Education
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