PENGARUH KEPRIBADIAN PROAKTIF DAN EFIKASI DIRI TERHADAP INTENSI BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN AKUNTANSI FKIP UNS
Abstract
The low level of entrepreneurial intention among university students indicates the need to pay greater attention to internal factors that may encourage students’ readiness to choose entrepreneurship as a career option. This study aims to analyze the effects of proactive personality and self-efficacy on the entrepreneurial intention of Accounting Education students at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University, both partially and simultaneously. This study employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. The study population consisted of 166 Accounting Education students from the 2022 and 2023 cohorts, with a sample of 117 students selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and the coefficient of determination. The results showed that proactive personality had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intention (p = 0.007), while self-efficacy had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intention (p < 0.001). Simultaneously, proactive personality and self-efficacy had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intention (p < 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.343 indicates that the two independent variables jointly explained 34.3% of the variance in entrepreneurial intention, while the remaining 65.7% was explained by other factors outside the research model. Self-efficacy had a greater partial contribution (22.4%) than proactive personality (11.9%). These findings indicate that strengthening proactive personality and self-efficacy, particularly students’ confidence in their own abilities, is important for increasing entrepreneurial intention.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. 50, 179–211. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Alamsyah, S., Putera Mahendra, A., Filipe Pereira, E., Miswanto, M., Siregar, B., & Biyanto, F. (2025). Pengaruh Kepribadian Proaktif, Dukungan Keluarga dan Dukungan Universitas Terhadap Niat Kewirausahaan pada Mahasiswa DIY dengan Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Kajian & Bisnis Islam, 6, 3528–3547. https://doi.org/1047467/elmal.v6i9.8877
Amaliah, S. R., Nurhikmah, N., & Umar, Muh. F. R. (2024). Pengaruh Self-Efficacy Terhadap Entrepreneurial Intention Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Bosowa Makassar. Jurnal Psikologi Karakter, 4(1), 312–322. https://doi.org/10.56326/jpk.v4i1.3703
Awan, T. H., Abid, M. A., Aslam, M. S., Hafeez, M. M., & Akram, M. S. (2022). Impact of Proactive Personality on Affective Commitment: Mediation Effect of Job Satisfaction. IRASD Journal of Management, 4(2), 434–448. https://doi.org/10.52131/jom.2022.0402.0090
Bandura, A. (2012). On the functional properties of perceived self-efficacy revisited. Journal of Management, 38(1), 9–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206311410606
Barakat, S., Boddington, M., & Vyakarnam, S. (2014). Measuring entrepreneurial self-efficacy to understand the impact of creative activities for learning innovation. International Journal of Management Education, 12(3), 456–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2014.05.007
Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal Of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030140202?__cf_chl_tk=aEuERybrGSyxQpgK9flDKCdPlCAbKYLgSFTbYgkYpCQ-1788919013-1.0.1.1-xNQDyhujZx3sLvtd9AAFqVtBaLusyBPPedgjK5eDfrs
Farida, A. (2020). Pengaruh Efikasi Diri Dan Kepribadian Proaktif Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha, Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan Sebagai Variabel Moderasi.
Ferreira-Neto, M. N., de Carvalho Castro, J. L., de Sousa-Filho, J. M., & de Souza Lessa, B. (2023). The role of self-efficacy, entrepreneurial passion, and creativity in developing entrepreneurial intentions. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134618
Lestari, E. D., Kusuma, H. S., & Marlim, W. F. (2021). Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Effect of Proactive Personality in Perspective of Planned Behavior Theory as an integrated approach in the Indonesian Context. Conference Series, 3(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.34306/conferenceseries.v3i2.572
Lestari, E. D., Rizkalla, N., & Purnamaningsih, P. (2022). The Effect Of Perceived University Support, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy And Proactive Personality In Promoting Student Entrepreneurial Intention In Indonesia. Journal of Management and Business Education, 5(2), 169–197. https://doi.org/10.35564/jmbe.2022.0011
Li, W., Gill, S. A., Wang, Y., Safdar, M. A., & Sheikh, M. R. (2022). Proactive Personality and Innovative Work Behavior: Through the Juxtapose of Schumpeter’s Theory of Innovation and Broaden-And-Build Theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.927458
Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross-cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593–617. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00318.x
Mahbubah, S., & Kurniawan, R. Y. (2022). Pendidikan Kewirausahaan dan Lingkungan Sosial Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha Dengan Efikasi Diri Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Dan Humaniora, 8, 13–24.
Newman, A., Obschonka, M., Schwarz, S., Cohen, M., & Nielsen, I. (2019). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: A systematic review of the literature on its theoretical foundations, measurement, antecedents, and outcomes, and an agenda for future research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 403–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.05.012
Noventa, O. C., & Dewangga, D. P. (2024). Kepribadian Proaktif dan Niat Berwirausaha Mahasiswa: Dampak Dukungan Akademik dan Pendidikan Kewirausahaan bagi Generasi Z. Jurnal Bisnis Mahasiswa, 4(4), 718–731. https://doi.org/10.60036/jbm.v4i4.art22
Nursito, S., Hadi, A., Program, S., Manajemen, S., & Ekonomi, F. (2021). Pengaruh Efikasi Diri dan Pendidikan Kewirausahaan terhadap Intensi Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa. Jurnal Inspirasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 5(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.33603/jibm.v5i1.4861
Oktaria, A., Sari, A. P., & Praningrum. (2021). Creative Self-efficacy Memediasi Pengaruh Kepribadian Proaktif terhadap Perilaku Kerja Inovatif Guru. Jurnal Inspirasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 5(1), 13–26. http://jurnal.unswagati.ac.id/index.php/jibm
Pan, B., Song, Z., & Wang, Y. (2021). The Relationship Between Preschool Teachers’ Proactive Personality and Innovative Behavior: The Chain-Mediated Role of Error Management Climate and Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.734484
Prawesti, M. I., & Cahya, S. B. (2024). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan, Efikasi Diri, Dan Pola Pikir Kewirausahaan Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomika Dan Bisnis Unesa. Jurnal Pendidikan Tata Niaga (JPTN), 12, 233–242. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.26740/jptn.v12n2.p233-242
Soelaiman, L., Keni Keni, & Puspitowati, I. (2024). Empowering Entrepreneurial Intentions: Educational Support And Self-Efficacy In MBKM Context. Jurnal Manajemen, 28(1), 23–44. https://doi.org/10.24912/jm.v28i1.1760
Sugiyono. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif Dan R & D. Alfabeta.
Taneja, M., Kiran, R., & Bose, S. C. (2024). Relating entrepreneurial self-efficacy with entrepreneurial success: perception-based analysis of students of higher educational institutions. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja , 37(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2024.2317145
Telaumbanua, Y., & Arita, S. (2025). Pengaruh Norma Subjektif Dan Need For Achievement Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha Mahasiswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 13(3), 325–333. https://doi.org/10.26740/jupe.v13n3.p325
Ticoalu, D. V. S., Nursito, S., & Tuerah, J. M. (2025). The effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions: The moderating role of entrepreneurial passion for founding. International Entrepreneurship Review, 11(1), 111–123. https://doi.org/10.15678/ier.2025.1101.07
Trista, V. E., & Rakhmawati, D. Y. (2025). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewirausahaan Terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha Melalui Minat Berwirausaha Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Mahasiswa Feb Unesa. Jurnal Pendidikan Tata Niaga (JPTN), 13(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.26740/jptn.v13n1.p45-58
Yusvan, A. M., Sabara, A. R., Yasir, A., Rano, J. A., & Yusril, B. (2024). Pengaruh Sikap, Norma Subjektif dan Kontrol Perilaku terhadap Intensi Berwirausaha pada Mahasiswa Kesehatan Universitas Almarisah. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Administrasi Antartika, 1(3), 83–88. https://doi.org/10.70052/juma.v1i3.461
Zhang, J., & Huang, J. (2021). Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Mediates the Impact of the Post-pandemic Entrepreneurship Environment on College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643184
