INTEGRASI GREEN CHEMISTRY DAN CHEMOENTREPRENEURSHIP DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA: KAJIAN LITERATUR

Abstract

The excessive use of hazardous chemicals in laboratory and industrial activities continues to contribute to environmental pollution, while chemistry education is increasingly expected to be more applicative and to equip students with entrepreneurial life skills. Although Green Chemistry and Chemoentrepreneurship (CEP) have each been widely studied, research that specifically examines how the two approaches can be integrated within chemistry learning remains limited. This study aims to examine, through a literature review, how Green Chemistry and Chemoentrepreneurship can be integrated in chemistry learning. This research employed a narrative literature review method, using national and international journal articles published between 2020 and 2025 and analyzed thematically. The results show that Green Chemistry and Chemoentrepreneurship can be integrated conceptually and practically, with their main intersection lying in entrepreneurial learning products that are designed to remain environmentally friendly, such as through the use of natural or locally available materials as substitutes for hazardous synthetic chemicals. Several teaching materials and practicum modules developed on acid-base and colloid topics demonstrate that this integration has begun to be realized in practice. This integration offers dual benefits, namely more meaningful conceptual understanding, stronger environmental awareness, and enhanced entrepreneurial skills among students. However, its implementation still faces challenges, particularly teachers' limited understanding of green chemistry principles, inadequate laboratory facilities, and the scarcity of teaching materials that systematically combine both approaches.