STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI FRASA DALAM LIRIK LAGU ADAT PENTI MASYARAKAT MANGGARAI: KAJIAN SINTAKSIS DAN ETNOLINGUISTIK

Abstract

This study aims to describe phrase structures, phrase functions, and cultural meanings contained in the lyrics of traditional Penti songs of the Manggarai community. Traditional Penti songs are part of Manggarai oral tradition used during thanksgiving ceremonies for harvests and as a medium for honoring God and ancestors. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using syntactic and ethnolinguistic theories. The data consisted of Penti song lyrics collected through observation, interviews, and documentation in Piso and Lemarang Villages, West Reok District, Manggarai Regency. Data were analyzed through identification, classification, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal three phrase types: nominal phrases, verbal phrases, and prepositional phrases. Nominal phrases consist of N+N, N+Adj, and Numeral+N patterns. Verbal phrases consist of V+Object, V+Adverbial, and V+Complement patterns. Prepositional phrases consist of Preposition+Noun patterns. Beyond their syntactic functions, these phrases contain cultural meanings related to gratitude, respect for ancestors, hopes for prosperity, and harmonious relationships among humans, nature, and God. Verbal phrases are the most dominant because they are widely used to express prayers, praise, and requests within Manggarai society.